Get Rich Or Die Tryin' - Inequality, Education And The American Dream

The rich are getting richer and the poor are gettingnation in the rich world in all measures of success.
poorer in America, and nowhere else.Despite this, a quality American education is still, in
This reality is popular in the news these days, as itmany ways, the golden ticket to success: it is the
both provokes maximum interest and also opens itselfgreatest opportunity for advancement available to
to be manipulated by all sorts of political spinmasters,every American. Despite several shortfalls, a degree
which in turn creates more news. The Left savorsremains a peerless tool to guarantee future earnings.
every glimpse of middle-class struggles duringThose who pursue a CPA, a J.D., an MBA, or a
economic expansion, which they tout as the goldenmedical degree, among many others from a
nugget of proof finally adjudicating the free market asprestigious university, are nearly all swiftly placed in a
inherently bad for workers. Europeans lead this chorus,six-digit position immediately upon graduation, assuring
where they are already aghast at America'sthemselves of a lucrative career and commodious
assumptions of the free market's social value.lifestyle.
But the data is welcomed on the Right, too, to theWhether the argument is dressed in populism or
extent that it "proves" the economically-injurious impactotherwise, the best and only way to compete against
of immigration. Rich business owners hire illegals,the competition from technology, globalization or
lowering costs and getting richer, so goes theimmigration is education. The American worker has the
argument, while poor white Americans are left withoutbest system in the world to learn how to do something
jobs.a computer, Indian or Mexican can't. Unemployment
Independent of ideology, the fact remains that despiteamong college graduates in the US is a Lilliputian 2%,
low unemployment and high growth, the prosperity ofsimply because neither Jose nor a machine can
the current economic boom is noticeably bypassing thereplace an MBA.
have-nots. It is too rarely noted, however, that thereEducation, as the best method of advancement,
are legitimate and positive reasons for this that neitherbecomes a necessity for the workers facing new
side of the current debate mentions.competition. These workers face a strong economic
1. The Problem of Poverty: Some Americans are onincentive (socialists call it being "forced by the system")
the losing end of progressto get educated and become a more competitive,
The core causes of widening inequality, observedproductive worker. If they don't, they risk losing their
correctly by both the Right and Left, are technology,jobs to the machines and/or foreigners. Despite their
globalization and immigration. However, they are bothgrievances, a more educated workforce and society
wrong about the lasting impact of all three.sounds like a good idea. And it would most certainly
Technology displaces workers who do tasks that canreverse the current inequalities of wealth - it would
be replicated by machines, computers and robots. Notallow the poor and middle class to join the rich in their
surprisingly, those whose jobs can be performed byupward mobility.
machines, computers and robots are neither the most4. American education is the solution, but has its
educated nor the wealthiest. Thus, technology's impactproblems. Vouchers help
makes them worse-off, even while it helps many moreAmerica's universities are the gold standard of
(see point 2).educational institutions. They dominate the world of
Globalization transfers positions to where they can beacademia in all measures of quality. The Institute of
performed for cheaper than in the United States.Higher Education at Shanghai's Jiao Tong University
These jobs, in contrast to those affected byranks the world's universities on a series of objective
technology, tend to be white-collar, middle class jobs.criteria such as the number of Nobel prizes and articles
Countering this effect, however, the savings fromin prestigious journals. Seventeen of the top 20
outsourcing positions are passed on to the consumeruniversities in that list are American, as are 35 of the
in the form of lower prices or invested in futuretop 50. American universities employ 70% of the
production.world's living Nobel prize-winners, produce about 30%
Immigrants work for less and compete for the jobs ofof the world's output of articles on science and
natives. Like technology, they tend to threaten theengineering and 44% of the most frequently cited
poorest and least educated native workers. Yet therearticles.
are several well-documented advantages to effectiveBut it is not only the elite who benefit. A community
immigration. American Latinos, for one, are three timescollege system without equal in the world offers all
more likely to start their own businesses than theadults the opportunity to transfer into more prestigious
national average, spurring economic growth. Anecdotalinstitutions or attain smaller degrees. Many states give
tales abound of immigrants, such as Arnoldhigh achieving or underrepresented students
Schwarzenegger, who rose from penury to incrediblenearly-free schooling, guaranteed. A staggering
success through the same economic system currentlyplethora of institutions gives every student the
derided as anti-poor.unequalled opportunity to find the "perfect" school.
These three factors increase the competition for jobs.Why are American universities so good? The answer
These are unique challenges. For how thoseis because they are free to compete.
threatened by these factors can win the competition,Administration is not state-controlled, as in many
see point 3.European countries. Independent universities receive
2. The rich are on the winning end, for better or forprivate funding from many different sources, widening
worsethe landscape of influence and ballooning the number
The rich are getting richer because they, by contrast,of institutions available. Individual schools can pursue
successfully harness and exploit the advantages andindividual subjects, goals and methods without the
opportunities inherent in technology, globalization andapproval of the lumbering state.
immigration.Universities also compete for resources, most
They use technology, as it was intended, for greaterimportantly, professors and students. Their existence is
productivity. Advancements in telecommunications, fordependent upon their ability to offer something of value
example, allow business to be conducted with moreover their fellow academies. They also freely accept
flexibility and efficiency. Those who can translate thisand reject students, allowing them to enhance the
potential into value for a company are duly rewarded.quality and value of their teaching and scholarship.
They successfully use globalization to efficiently offerEuropean universities, not surprisingly, often resemble
their resources and services to a worldwide audience.American K-12 institutions in their operations, and their
It is profitable, not only because successful globalizationresults are similarly dismal. They are nationalized,
create value-added efficiency and cost savings for anegalitarian, and inefficient. America, for obvious reasons,
organization, but also because a global marketis by large margins the first-choice destination for
exponentially multiplies the size of the market for yourforeign college students. It's the competition, stupid.
product or service.Most importantly to their success, American universities
This is not to say that all rich exhibit theseare supported with private funds. From tuition and
characteristics. As will always be the case, America'svoluntary donations from alumni, they secure their
elite is full of lazy, ineffectual snobs. Such is inevitable -budgets by providing valuable service, not effective
but it is worth noting two facts. First, the point of thislobbying. As a result, their responsiveness and quality is
article is to show that the present polarization ofwithout equal. They serve as yet another shining
wealth (i.e. why lately only the rich have substantiallyexample of the wisdom of privatization and
seen their fortunes increase) is the result of those whoderegulation. By terrible contrast, America's K-12
are hard-working and successful. Trust fund babiesinstitutions are free at the point of consumption, publicly
blow their money on Ferraris - they don't grow richerfunded, nationalized, and homogenized.
through market capitalization and entrepreneurship.Unfortunately, there are still numerous careers lacking
Second, the modern globally competitive market hasan educational support structure. College athletes, for
made the idle rich a scarcer species. In America inexample, are often well-served economically by
1916, only about 20% of the richest 1% made theirleaving school before graduation. Unorthodox career
wealth through paid work. Today, it is over 60%.paths, such as those of rappers, have no mainstream
So we see these artifacts of modern progresseducational institution. Will the market adapt? It may, but
displace and threaten the poor and middle class andthe only certainty is that the state will not.
are mastered and applied by the rich. Is this a goodThe best method to develop K-12 education along the
thing? Well, that doesn't matter much, as it turns out...competitive, innovative, and successful model of higher
3. The Way Out: How quality education can alleviateeducation is through school vouchers. Such a system
inequality, anywaywould ensure both that all children have an opportunity
The mere existence of wealth inequality should not beto attend a quality school and that the schools
cause for alarm, despite the frantic noises made bythemselves will be high quality. It would allow every
John Edwards, Nancy Pelosi, or other hyperventilatingparent ultimate control to determine the ideal
socialists. Successful societies can develop threeeducational institution for his or her child, and it would
palliatives.spur the independent, competitive behavior which
First is sustained economic growth, which through taxkeeps this country's universities at the top of the global
revenue and public spending, achieves gains for thelist. Most importantly, it would force institutions to
rich and poor, independent of individual income. John F.compete for students, the core factor driving the
Kennedy stated this well with his famous analogy, "aworld-class quality of American universities.
rising tide lifts all boats." American economic growth, atPrivate K-12 schools, many of which already exhibit
present, is still the envy of the Western world.the efficient success of universities, will certainly flourish
Second is a welfare system that shields all fromunder vouchers, attracting students and expanding their
destitution. For this, there are several excellentmarket to offer the diverse quality private colleges
proposals to provide unemployment benefits withoutexemplify.
unnecessarily discouraging work, including PI's negativeHowever, all would not be lost for America's public
income tax, and targeted subsidies in use in Latinschool system under vouchers, despite the whining
America.protestations of the public school teachers' unions.
Third is the constant opportunity for all Americans toCompetition among colleges is fierce, yet state schools
freely climb the social ladder through hard work. Calledare often among the greatest performers. It is only
the American Dream by us patriotic folk, it is thefrom a lack of faith in their own abilities to attract
maintenance of a system of unlimited opportunity forstudents that public schools should fear vouchers.
all who seek it.They may well successfully compete alongside private
Romantic ideals aside, it is here where the bone ofschools. To have a chance, however, control over all
contention is found. Socialists distrust the market'saspects of education must immediately be ceded from
ability to provide this meaningful opportunity for upwardWashington to the principals, teachers and parents in
mobility, fantasizing instead that firms mostly conspireindividual schools.
to enslave and destroy the American worker.We see that unique challenges of the 21st-century
Conservatives, opposing them, tend to oversimplify theworld, technology, globalization and immigration, have
issue, assuming always that the American system isunequal impacts on the rich and poor. However, rather
perfectly liquid even in the face of contradictorythan punish the wealthy, America should be concerned
evidence.with helping the poor meet these challenges and
Unquestionably the biggest current obstacle to thebecome rich themselves. To do so will require
American Dream is also its incubator: education.education. But to ensure the education is up to the
America's K-12 educational system is in miserabletask, competition and free choice must triumph over
shape, inexcusably falling behind nearly every otherbureaucracy and regulation.