The Grid - Connecting Tomorrow's Super Information Highway

Emerging Technologies Will Transform the Internet asinstalled, but that number is expected to grow to
we Know It200,000 by the year 2010.
Resource-demanding processes of the business worldIBM has established goals for development of the
such as large-scale collaboration projects that involveGrid:o Build a much faster and more robust system of
product design, financial analysis, in-depth research andnetworked servers that gives scientists the computing
development are limited by World Wide Web Internetpower they need to focus on scientific issues of
Protocol. As bandwidth demands continue to increase,enormous complexityo Establish the Grid as the
the Internet, as we know it, will fall short of facilitatingstandard for future resource-sharing for businesses
the high-volume throughput needed to move vastand the public. IBM and the OGF (Open Grid Forum)
amounts of data across it. In many areas of businesshave developed a set of standards for Grid sharing
communications, those needs will be met once the Gridknown as the OGSA (Open Grid Services
is fully established - finally deploying the newArchitecture) that defines the services included in the
"information superhighway" that we've heard so muchstructure by which they are communicated through the
about.network. Grid development is not abandoning Web
It is my contention the Grid will eventually replace thestandards but is, in fact, building on them with
Internet with a system 10,000 times faster than today'sextensions to the WSDL (Web Services Definition
broadband connections. This vision of IBM will allowLanguage).
users to access as much processing power as theyIBM affirmed in 2003 that the Grid will have four focus
need through a worldwide network of powerfulareas in addition to scientific research: engineering and
servers.design, enterprise optimization, business analytics and
Understanding the potential offered by the future Gridgovernment development. Specific commercial
is helpful knowledge for business decision-makersmarkets are being targeted as well with Grid
today. The Grid differs from the Internet in that it isdevelopment such as biology/life sciences, aerospace,
much more than information sharing among computersfinancial and automotive. With the power of the Grid,
connected through the World Wide Web. The Gridfinancial analysts can analyze diverse investment
adds to this information sharing by adding processingportfolios in minutes, pharmacologists could discover
power. Part of it already exists: Connecting fromnew life-saving drugs more quickly and product design
CERN's high-energy physics laboratory to 11 locationstime for any business could be minimized.
around the world is a grid of powerful serversPublic adoption of the Grid is still some 5 to 10 years
connecting some 5,000 scientists at 150 universities.away. But, when it does arrive, the blazing-fast speeds
The Organisation européenne pour lawould allow for movies and entire music catalogues to
recherche nucléaire, or CERN, is the largestbe downloaded in seconds and online games with
particle physics laboratory in the world and is locatedplayers numbering in the hundreds of thousands. Built
just outside Geneva, Switzerland at the border withinto the system will be a "pay for processing" scenario
France. The center was created in 1954 and currentlywhere the additional power is paid for when needed.
has approximately 20 member nations. The UnitedThe benefits of the Grid over standard World Wide
States officially has "observer status" within theWeb information sharing are considerable:o Establishing
organization.a standard protocol to allow networked computers to
These scientists are working on a huge project withwork togethero Optimization of a network
an enormous amount of data involved that would, ininfrastructure to balance processing demands while
effect, overwhelm the Internet. With the Grid, theproviding extra capacity at the same timeo Ability to
immense amount of data is stored over the serverquickly respond to changing market demands as they
network - not only giving the scientists access to theoccuro Ability to interactively collaborate with
project, but also the processing power needed tocolleagues across multiple platformso Sharing of
conduct intensive research.computer resources through the creation of virtualized
It is CERN that is pushing development of the Grid justorganizations
as the particle physics center originally pushed InternetSome of the Grid protocols have made it to the
development when scientist Tim Berners-Lee inventedbusiness world already such as "dynamic switching"
the World Wide Web there in 1990. Needing innovationthat allows for the creation of a dedicated channel
at a time when scientists needed a way to automatethrough the network for the downloading of large
information sharing is what's occurring right now at achunks of data.
much more advanced level. This is what has fueledAnother use of the technology outside of the world of
innovation for the development of the Grid today.CERN was in the development of a new malaria drug.
An underlying core problem of the Internet as weDuring the drug discovery process, researchers used
currently know it is the multiple data formats used onthe Grid to analyze some 140 million compounds. Under
the millions of connected computers. This problemthe current Internet standards, that process would
makes it difficult for the processing power running onhave taken an estimated 420 years.
different platforms to all be interpreted and optimizedKnow this: The Grid offers much promise for the
simultaneously. IBM's project with CERN will result in afuture. As applications and work collaboration
much faster global network with networkedbecomes more intensive, the need for this power
processing power currently impossible on the Worldbecomes greater and greater. Businesses, as well as
Wide Web.scientists, will be able to carry out their tasks in a much
The focus right now is on connecting the scientistsmore efficient manner.
who are driving the need. The CERN physics project isThis emerging technology is certain to revolutionize
one example, but the future Grid will connect all whohow we access data, collaborate on projects and
need the extra processing power. At present, therehow we utilize information technology in our
are approximately 60,000 grid servers currentlyday-to-day activities.