Why Six Sigma Will Outlast Total Quality Management

Six Sigma is not just a new term for Total Qualityfocuses on defect prevention, cycle time reduction,
Management (TQM) . They have many similarities andand cost savings. Six Sigma is about helping the
are compatible in many business environments. TQMorganization make more money. Unlike cost-cutting
has brought great improvements and value to manyprograms that reduce value and quality, Six Sigma
companies. Six Sigma can do more.identifies and eliminates costs that provide no value to
TQM is the development, deployment, andcustomers: the costs incurred due to waste.
maintenance of systems related to quality-producingThe focus of TQM initiatives differs from the focus of
business processes. TQM is a strategic approach thatSix Sigma programs. One, TQM programs focus on
focuses on encouraging a continuous flow ofimprovement in individual operations with unrelated
incremental quality improvements. It encourages theprocesses. Six Sigma focuses on making
establishing of a culture of collaboration amongimprovements in all operations within a process. Two,
different departments within organization. TQM isSix Sigma involves dedicated, full-time resources--the
mainly a cultural initiative and a style of management"black belts"­ --versus TQM, which is usually a
toward increased quality.part-time activity of non-dedicated managers.
Six Sigma is not just another quality initiative orThe breadth and depth and the precision of Six Sigma
process improvement program. It is more than thatand TQM also differ. Six Sigma has a well-defined
because it is a robust continuous improvementproject charter that outlines the scope of a project,
strategy and process that includes culturalfinancial targets, anticipated benefits, milestones, etc. It's
methodologies such as the various TQM approaches.based on hard financial data and savings. In TQM,
Six Sigma is complementary to TQM initiatives such asorganizations go into a project without fully knowing
ISO 9000 registration, which is mainly procedural; Totalwhat the financial gains might be. Six Sigma has a solid
Quality Management (TQM), which is mainly cultural,control phase (DMAIC -
and Statistical Process Control (SPC), which is primarilyDefine-Measure-Analyze-Improve-Control) that makes
statistical process control monitoring. All of thesespecific measurements, identifies specific problems,
initiatives attempt to improve quality levels but typicallyand provides specific solutions that can be measured.
reach a plateau. The Six Sigma approach goes to theHow else is Six Sigma different? Six Sigma is:
next level.* Fact based and data driven
Six Sigma is not about quality in the strict traditional* Results-oriented, providing quantifiable and
sense. Quality, defined traditionally as conformance tomeasurable bottom-line results
internal requirements, is not the focus of Six Sigma.* A leader-sponsored top-down approach
True, Six Sigma focuses on improving quality by* Linked to strategy
helping organizations produce products and services* Thinking about customer requirements
better, faster and cheaper. However, it accomplishes* Applicable to all business processes - administrative,
that by reducing waste. In traditional terms, Six Sigmasales, marketing, R&D, etc.